部分倒装是指将该句中谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中没有be动词,就用助动词或情态动词。否定意义的词放句首用部分倒装。
部分倒装的用法
1. 含有否定意义的副词或介词短语(never, seldom, little, hardly, by no means, at no time等)位于句首时。
例句:
Never will I love you.
我绝不会再爱你了!
2. only修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句,且置于句首时。
例句:
Only by working hard can we succeed.
只有靠努力工作,我们才能成功。
3. so/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语,意为“……也是如此/……也不”
例句:
He is handsome and so are you.
他很英俊,你也很英俊!
4. hardly...when, no sooner...than, not only...but(also)等引导两个分句时,若hardly, no sooner, not only位于句首,前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不变。
例句:
Hardly had I reached my home when my son came out to hug me.
我一回到家,我的儿子就跑出来抱我啦。
5. not until...置于句首时, 主句需部分倒装。
例句:
Not until yesterday did he reply to me.
直到昨天,他才回复我。
6. so...that...和such...that...句式中,so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时,主句需部分倒装。
例句:
So expensive is the dress that I couldn’t afford it.
这条裙子太贵了,以至于我买不起了。
7. though/as引导让步状语从句时通常用倒装结构,其结构为:
名词/形容词/副词/动词+though/as+主谓结构。
请注意这个结构表达的是 “虽然”的意思
例句:
Tired as/though the boy is, he is still running.
虽然这男孩很累,但他依然还在奔跑。
8. 当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were或should等时,如将if省略,则要将had,were或should提到主语之前。
例句:
If I were his father, I would treat him well.= Were I his father, I would treat him well.
如果我是他爸爸,我会好好地对待他。
部分倒装与完全倒装的区别
全部倒装:全部倒装就是将整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。
部分倒装:部分倒装就只将谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或将句子的强调成分提前。